Vancouver Templates

Personal Communications

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Type of Communication

Guidance

Unpublished personal communications are usually noted within the text but not included in the Reference List or Bibliography. Within the text of the assignment you should provide the name of the individual that the communication took place with and the date that the communication took place. You must also note that the communication is unreferenced.

Example

An interview with J. Kirk (2024 Jan 15, unreferenced) stated that ...

An email from M. Reed (2023 Oct 13, unreferenced) suggested that ...

Notes

Published Communications

Any published communications, such as interviews appearing in a journal or on a website, should be referenced according to the source type. i.e. as a journal or a website.