Harvard Templates

Journal Articles

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Accessed Online

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Template

Please ensure that you follow the template exactly, including text formatting such as italics and punctuation.

Author(s) (Year of publication) 'Article title', Journal Title, Volume(Issue), page range or article number. Available at: DOI

Example

Citation
Paraphrasing / Summarising

(Chen, 2023)

According to Chen (2023)

Quoting

"..." (Chen, 2023, p. 3916)

According to Chen (2023, p. 3916), "..."

Reference List

Chen, Y. (2023) 'Addressing uncertainties through improved reserve product design', IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 38(4), pp. 3911–3923. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2022.3200697

Notes

See the FAQs section at the bottom of this page for informaton on the differences between print and online versions of articles, and for information on the use of a DOI or URL for online articles.

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Template

Please ensure that you follow the template exactly, including text formatting such as italics and punctuation.

Author(s) (Year of publication) 'Article title', Journal Title, Volume(Issue), page range or article number. Available at: URL (Accessed: date).

Example

Citation
Paraphrasing / Summarising

(Changuiti et al., 2023)

Changuiti et al. (2023) suggest that...

Quoting

"..." (Changuiti et al., 2023)

According to Changuiti et al. (2023) "..."

Reference List

Changuiti, O. et al. (2023) 'Simulation and midwifery education 2011-2021: a systematic review', British Journal of Midwifery, 31(5), pp. 286–293. Available at: https://ezproxy.rgu.ac.uk/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,shib&db=ccm&AN=163525494&scope=site (Accessed: 19 December 2023).

Notes

See the FAQs section at the bottom of this page for informaton on the differences between print and online versions of articles, and for informaton on the use of a DOI or URL for online articles.

You can copy this URL to share a direct link to this referencing template:

Template

Please ensure that you follow the template exactly, including text formatting such as italics and punctuation.

Author(s) (Year of publication) 'Article title', Journal Title, Volume(Issue), article number. Available at: DOI or URL (Accessed: date).

Example

Citation
Paraphrasing / Summarising

(Fleck and Anatolitis, 2023)

Fleck and Anatolitis (2023) suggest that...

Quoting

"..." (Fleck and Anatolitis, 2023, p. 4)

According to Fleck and Anatolitis (2023, p. 4) "..."

Reference List

Fleck, A. and Anatolitis, V. (2023) 'Achieving the ojectives of renewable energy policy - insights from renewable energy auction design in Europe', Energy Policy, 173, article number 113357. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2022.113357

Notes

These types of articles do not have traditional page numbers. Instead, an article number is given. If quoting from such an article and there is a PDF version available, use the appropriate page number indicated in the PDF. If there is no PDF, then you can omit the page numbers out of the citation, even if you are quoting.

See the FAQs section at the bottom of this page for information on articles with multiple authors, the differences between print and online versions of articles, and for information on the use of a DOI or URL for online articles.

Accessed in Print

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Template

Please ensure that you follow the template exactly, inluding text formatting such as italics and punctuation.

Author(s) (Year of publication) 'Article title', Journal Title, Volume(Issue), page range.

Example

Citation
Paraphrasing / Summarising

(Vindin, Mithieux and Weiss, 2019)

Vindin, Mithieux and Weiss (2019) suggest that…

Quoting

"..." (Vindin, Mithieux and Weiss, 2019, p. 12)

According to Vindin, Mithieux and Weiss (2019, p. 12) "..."

Reference List

Vindin, H., Mithieux, S.M. and Weiss, A.S. (2019) 'Elastin architecture', Matrix Biology, 84, pp. 4–16.

Other Publications

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References for abstracts from journal articles should be referenced in exactly the same way as though you were referencing the entire journal article. You do not need to add anything to the reference to show that you have referred to the abstract.

However, it is good practice to make it clear that you have used an abstract at the point of citation. e.g. 'The findings of Fleck and Anatolitis (2023) are summarised in the abstract. It shows...'

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Template

Please ensure that you follow the template exactly, including text formatting such as italics and punctuation.

Author(s) (Year of publication) 'Article title', Journal Title, Volume(Supp. no.), page range or article number. Available at: DOI

or

Author(s) (Year of publication) 'Article title', Journal Title, Volume(Supp. no.), page range or article number. Available at: URL (Accessed: date).

Example

Citation
Paraphrasing / Summarising

(Clift, 2020)

Clift (2020) suggests that ...

Quoting

"..." (Clift, 2020, p. 2)

According to Clift (2020, p. 2) "..."

Reference List

Clift, P. (2020) 'Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) related to congenital heart disease (CHD): introducing the CHAMPION supplement', Journal of Congenital Cardiology, 4(Supp. 1), article number 20. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40949-020-00053-9

Notes

See the FAQs section at the bottom of this page for informaton on the differences between print and online versions of articles, and for informaton on the use of a DOI or URL for online articles.

You can copy this URL to share a direct link to this referencing template:

Template

Please ensure that you follow the template exactly, including text formatting such as italics and punctuation.

Author(s) (Year of publication) 'Article title', Journal Title, Volume(Issue, Supp. no.), page range or article number. Available at: DOI

or

Author(s) (Year of publication) 'Article title', Journal Title, Volume(Issue, Supp. no.), page range or article number. Available at: URL (Accessed: date).

Example

Citation
Paraphrasing / Summarising

(Hammami, Rezk and Dubey, 2020)

Hammami, Rezk and Dubey (2020) suggest that ...

Quoting

"..." (Hammami, Rezk and Dubey, 2020, p. S6)

According to Clift (Hammami, Rezk and Dubey, 2020, p. S6) "..."

Reference List

Hammami, M.B., Rezk, M. and Dubey, D. (2022) 'Validation of MATCH score: A predictive tool for Identification of Patients With kelch-like protein-11 autoantibodies', Neurology, 99(23, Supp. 2), p. S6. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000903084.26865.8a

Notes

See the FAQs section at the bottom of this page for informaton on the differences between print and online versions of articles, and for informaton on the use of a DOI or URL for online articles.

You can copy this URL to share a direct link to this referencing template:

Template

Please ensure that you follow the template exactly, including text formatting such as italics and punctuation.

Author(s) (Year of publication) 'Article title', Journal Title (in press). Available at: DOI

or

Author(s) (Year of publication) 'Article title', Journal Title (in press). Available at: URL (Accessed: date).

Example

Citation
Paraphrasing / Summarising

(Deichmann, Hansson and Jensen, 2024)

Deichmann, Hansson and Jensen (2024) suggested that ...

Quoting

"..." (Deichmann, Hansson and Jensen, 2024)

Deichmann, Hansson and Jensen (2024) stated that "..."

Note: In Press articles do not usually have page numbers, so one cannot be given in the citation for a quote.

Reference List

Deichmann, M., Hansson, F.G. and Jensen, E.D. (2024) 'Yeast-based screening platforms to understand and improve human health', Trends in Biotechnology (in press). Available at: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2024.05.001 (Accessed: 11 June 2024).

Notes

See the FAQs section at the bottom of this page for informaton on the use of a DOI or URL for online articles.

Accessed dates are always included with an In Press article, even if using the DOI. In Press articles can change before full publication, so including the accessed date shows when the version you used was the current one.

FAQs

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Journal articles read in the print version of the journal (i.e. a printed paper format) are referenced in almost exactly the same way as an e-journal article accessed online.

Choose the correct template by number of authors or author type and follow the guidance. If you have accesed the article online then include either the DOI or the URL and accessed date at the end of the reference. (See the separate FAQ on the differences between DOIs and FAQs).

If you have read the article in the paper version of the journal then follow the template up to and including the page numbers. You do not include the DOI or URL when referencing the paper version of the journal article.

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When referencing an article you have read online, you must include either the DOI (Digital Object Identifier) or URL.

Most academic journals will have a DOI, so this should be used in preference. Check the summary page of the article or look for a citation tool. These will normally tell you if there is a DOI available. DOIs are permanent links to the article, so should not suffer from the broken links problem that affects many URLs over time. If you use the DOI then you do not have to include an accessed date.

If there is no DOI then the URL can be used. You need to provide an accessed date when using the URL as these are subject to breaking. The point of the accessed date is for you to show that the link was live on a particular date.

Choose the correct template by number of authors or author type and follow the guidance.

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Check the article carefully, as most will include all of the elements needed for a reference. You may need to dowload the PDF to find all of the details. Care should also be taken to check whether the article is 'In Press' (which means it is pre-publication). There is a separate template for Articles in Press as these usually do not have volume, issue or page numbers.

If the article is not In Press then follow the guidance for the correct template by number or type of authors. The missing element can be simply left out.

e.g.

No issue number - Follow the template until Volume. Leave out the brackets and move directly from Volume, to Page range or article number.

No Volume or Issue number - Follow the template until Journal Title, move directly to Page range or article number.

No page or article number - Follow the template until Volume(Issue), move directly to Available at: DOI or URL (Accessed: date).

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  • For 2 or 3 authors, write their names in the order in which they appear on the source material.
  • For 4 or more authors, you don't have to list them all. Just mention the primary author followed by et al. (it means and others)
  • For editors, include the abbreviation ed. or eds after their names in the reference list. You do not need to include this within the citations.
HOW MANY... AUTHOR(S) EDITOR(S)
1 Stewart, C.M., Stewart, C.M., ed.,
2 Stewart, C.M. and Abiola, A.B., Stewart, C.M. and Abiola, A.B., eds.,
3 Stewart, C.M., Abiola, A.B. and Zhang, C.D., Stewart, C.M., Abiola, A.B. and Zhang, C.D., eds.,
4 or more Stewart, C.M. et al., Stewart, C.M. et al., eds.,
For further information about authors within in-text citations, see our Harvard Learning Pathway.